Toyota MarkII . One of the best rear-wheel drive sedans in the world (I would say the "best", but you'll laugh;) so let the wording remain so). The founder of a family of nearly identical cars with the same platform, same size, same stores - and even a set of modifications, until recently, was the same - and includes, but MarkII, Chaser and more Cresta (it has only a few years, ceased production MarkII Sedan, and the new MarkII Wagon placed on a platform of Camry). Despite this strong similarity, all three models are displayed in different years, are positioned differently in the market, and even sold in Japan through different dealer networks Toyota:


MarkII - A Sophisticated, Advanced Sedan
Chaser - A Dynamic Sports Sedan
Cresta - An Elegant Prestige Sedan
And I strongly disagree with the opinion of Vitaly Trudkova that "Toyota MarkII - machine for those who do not have enough money to Crown". Perhaps from the perspective of those who appreciate cars only on the basis of price and "tricked out", this statement makes sense. But in fact these are different machines, much different - by class, by nature, by its purpose, finally ...

First appeared MarkII - in 1998 was 30 years since its release. Toyota, of course, did not fail to properly mark the occasion by holding facelifting model, but more on that below.

I do not want to go down in history and start with a relatively recently - in 1984, when the generation went # X7 #. Older cars do not cause me much sympathy, still design the 70 I do not like rather than love, but the silhouette # X7 # and now looks good.And it's not at all those warm feelings, which feels, probably, every man according to his first car. ;)

#X7#

There are 5 different models of this generation: MarkII Hardtop, MarkII Sedan, MarkII Wagon, Chaser and Cresta. I have already said about their unification in terms of mechanics, but it is there and kuzovschine - for example, MarkII Hardtop Chaser and have the same doorways (and doors), and rearranging the front part (fenders, hood, bumper, lights and grille) from one to another, you can get MarkoCheyzer or CheyzeMark. ;)

MarkII Sedan and Cresta - it is the same "sweet couple". ;) External differences between them at first vzglyal more, but the doors are interchangeable, and plumage Rack - too. KrestoMark (MarkII Sedan with the headstock of Cresta) sold in the U.S. under the name of Cressida.


The last of five generations of this, MarkII Wagon, lived on an assembly line for much longer - his release continued until about 96-97 years., Replaced him in April of '97 came MarkII Qualis, nothing in common except the name, with no MarkII and having a platform based on the Camry. Around the turn of the 90 car has elongated front of Cresta, but there was no optics 4 Farnham, Farnham and 2, and in this form, and released their remaining years. The result - 12 years on the assembly line - some kind of record, at least for Toyota. ;)

Interestingly, the interior of the car a little different, and there are two varieties: one for all options MarkII, the second - for the Chaser and Cresta. In the photos below, these differences are clearly visible. The most common were maroon interiors - very comfortable and elegant in appearance, however, the concept of "smart" at everyone. :) But the only time I met a salon emerald green - stunningly beautiful sight.Less commonly, it was possible to see blue-gray interiors - as a rule, they manned the cheapest versions of machines.

Briefly about the technical side of the car. Staffed it with petrol motors 1.8 (1S) and 2.0 (1G and M-TEU), as well as diesel 2L. In the U.S. market is sold only with a 2.8-liter 5M-GE. The suspension was sufficiently strong and persistent, similar in design to Soarer # Z1 #: in front McPherson, rear - on the diagonal levers, which is why the wheels folded under load "house." On diesel and petrol versions with Engine 1.8 Rear suspension (of a continuous bridge). But the number of bells and whistles were big enough - it is on this car Toyota pioneered the use of adjustable stiffness (TEMS), power steering with variable stiffness (PPS) and electronically-controlled automatic transmission (ECT). Sometimes you can find cars with sunroof, heated steering wheel. Of course, these options are not equipped with all versions of the car. For fans of "drive" there was a funny version of the old engine M-TEU, which return was only a 145ls - and it turbovanny engine! However, in October of '85 it was replaced with a 1G-GTEU - toyotovsky first engine, which combines such technological novshevstva as 4 valves per cylinder and a turbine. The engine had a liquid intercooler as sort of a "heating pad" just above the cylinder head, which is why the process of checking and replacing spark more difficult. :) And there have been flood coolant. ;)

Facelifting

Toyota usually practiced making small cosmetic (and sometimes not just cosmetic) changes by about the middle of the life cycle of the current generation model. In the life of our Companions MarkII these changes took place in August '86 Alas, just do not remember them, so I will only say about the MarkII Hardtop and Cresta. The most noticeable change in appearance of Mark - a new trapezoidal grille serving. Fog lights are now in it, and used to be interlocked with the main headlights. Changed the rear lights - a big white segment disappeared reverse - now he was small and located in the bottom of the canopy near the plate. And even slimmer black molding on the bumpers. The only major change in the cabin - the rightmost deflector heating system is nearly vertical, and earlier was buried next to the windshield. With the cross is even easier: the double rectangular headlamps lighting is now covered with a common glass, and a bumper with turn signals appeared semi-detached fog. Such are the nuances. ;)

Specifications of the family car given in the table below. They are identical except for size, which is given to MarkII Hardtop. Cresta is the same length, and MarkII Sedan, Wagon and slightly shorter Chaser - their "nose" is not that long. Oh, and - the names of modifications unique to each model: MarkII Grande == Chaser Avante == Cresta Super Lucent. In both! ;)

#X8#

Issue of the 6th generation of the account MarkII began in August 1988, of course, simultaneously refreshed the entire line, but now there remained only four - MarkII Wagon is unchanged, and "fell out of the cage." In this generation, unification and common kinship patterns remained roughly in the same form - MarkII Hardtop and Chaser still has interchangeable doors and front, but MarkII Sedan and Cresta - no longer exists. But salons are now completely identical. But is it so important? ;)

More importantly, looks like a car. And in my opinion, # X8 # MarkII Hardtop - ideal in this sense. Maybe a few will agree with me, but you look - its proportions are perfectly balanced, easy lines and swift, and the silhouette is finished. There is a beautiful car, there is still a funny, is frowning, is good-natured, is arrogant. But this - the embodiment of a mathematical "golden mean". That does not mean impersonal.

Well, enough of the lyrics, see what's new in technical terms. On the part of the modifications appeared ABS (trade mark 4-ESC), Traction Control (TRC). And most importantly - has become a multi-link rear suspension: an upper triangular lever, the lower two transverse and one longitudinal bottom. All this, as before, on a stretcher. The front, though left by the previous design, has also undergone minor changes.

Gamma engines substantially expanded. 1.8-liter versions were carbureted instead of 1S-U new 16-valve engine with a central (single point) injection - 4S-Fi. Ctarina 1G-EU disappeared from the production program (including on other models of Toyota) and was replaced by new 1G-FE, one of the first representatives of toyotovskih High Efficiency Twincam Engine - the so-called "narrow-tvinkamov head," which was coded by the letter " F "in the designation of the engine, as opposed to High Performance motors with a broad head type" G "(for example, 1G-GE). 1G-FE had moderate revving, reduced compared with the 1G-GE power, and was placed on the most massive update of all three models. In addition, the overall picture was supplemented with a modification of the 1G-GZE - mechanically supercharged engine, known as "Roots compressor" and driven by the crankshaft via the belt drive. The engine has turned high-torque, moderately potent (170ls) and at the same time reliable. This modification was one of the most clever - just on it you'll find most TEMS, ABS, TRC, all sorts of pleasant things in the cabin such as Ionizer air, ultrasonic parking distance sensors, and even the wiper side (!) Front windows.

Facelifting

As usual, the half-way, exactly two years later, in August 1990 had a facelifting. :) However, this time he wore a global for the entire range of Toyota's nature, and connected it was with the appearance of two new engines: 1JZ-GE (2.5 N / A) and 1JZ-GTE (2.5 twinturbo). Where are they just not put ...

Mark on their Companions put both of them. To replace the 2.0 GT TwinTurbo in August came a modification of the 2.5 GT TwinTurbo 280ls and to disperse hundreds approximately 6.5 seconds. Well superchargerny option (c 1G-GZE) generally dismissed and replaced with a 2.5 Grande on 180ls. And the 2.5-and 3-liter versions existed only in the version with a gun - with manual transmission did not have them! In addition, the 1.8-liter 4S-Fi replaced by 4S-FE with distributed (multipoint) injection.

As for the exterior, all three models are "lenses" in the head light, and slightly modified optics (fewer frames and chrome obodochkov), and MarkII Sedan also got integrated bumpers (Note that these external and internal differences can roughly estimate the year when buying a car - before or after August 90 it was released.). By the way, then feysliftinga design Chaser'a appeared hint at a kind of "bowl" shape of optics, which is fully revealed in the next generation, # X9 #. It is worth noting that the lanterns on the reverse MarkII Hardtop, four years later returned to their old place right in the center of the rear lights, but that's not grown in size. ;)

A more precise breakdown of the modifications of the numbers of bodies and release dates given in the two plates below. The first tablet - it MarkII Hardtop, Chaser and Cresta, second - MarkII Sedan. Do not be fooled that the sedan was issued after October 92, that is, in parallel with the new generation # X9 # - this is true, just this time it was his turn, "fall out of cages." ;) The tablets are based on information provided by the Roman Mikheev (FidoNet 2:5090 / 18), for which he thanks a lot.

Note. The asterisk in the second column means a manual, no stars - the automatic.

Body modification, and release dates - Mark II Hardtop, Chaser, Cresta

MX83-ATPZF 3.0 Grande G 09.89-10.92
JZX81-ATPQF 2.5 GT 08.90-10.92
JZX81-ATPZF 2.5 Grande G 08.90-10.92
GX81-ATPVZ 2.0 GT 08.88-08.90
GX81-ATMVZ * 2.0 GT 08.88-08.90
GX81-ATPZR 2.0 Grande G SUPERCHARGER 08.88-08.90
GX81-ATPQF 2.0 Grande TWINCAM24 08.88-10.92
GX81-ATMQF * 2.0 Grande TWINCAM24 08.88-10.92
GX81-ATPQK 2.0 Grande 08.88-10.92
GX81-ATMQK * 2.0 Grande 08.88-10.92
GX81-ATPGK 2.0 LG 08.88-10.92
GX81-ATMGK * 2.0 LG 08.88-10.92
SX80-ATPEK 1.8 GR 11.91-10.92
SX80-ATMEK * 1.8 GR 11.91-10.92
LX80-ATPEX 2.4 GR 08.89-10.92
LX80-ATMEX * 2.4 GR 08.89-10.92

Body modification, and release dates - Mark II Sedan

MX83-AEPZF 3.0 Grande G 09.89-10.92
JZX81-AEPZF 2.5 Grande G 08.90-02.93
GX81-AEPZR 2.0 Grande G SUPERCHARGER 08.88-08.90
GX81-AEPQF 2.0 Grande TWINCAM24 08.88-02.93
GX81-AEMQF * 2.0 Grande TWINCAM24 08.88-02.93
GX81-AEPQK 2.0 Grande 08.88-02.93
GX81-AEMQK * 2.0 Grande 08.88-02.93
GX81-AEPGK 2.0 LG 08.88-02.93
GX81-AEMGK * 2.0 LG 08.88-02.93
SX80-AEMRK * 1.8 Standard 08.90-02.93
SX80-AEPNK 1.8 GL 08.90-12.95
SX80-AEMNK * 1.8 GL 08.90-12.95
SX80-AEPEK 1.8 GR 08.90-12.95
SX80-AEMEK * 1.8 GR 08.90-02.93
LX80-AEMNS * 2.4 GL Diesel 08.88-08.93
LX80-AEPNX 2.4 GL Diesel Turbo 08.88-02.93
LX80-AEMNX * 2.4 GL Diesel Turbo 08.88-02.93
LX80-AEPEX 2.4 GR 08.88-02.93
LX80-AEMEX * 2.4 GR 08.88-02.93

Unfortunately, I must say that these tablets are not quite complete - there is nomodification to the 1.8-liter 4S-Fi. Date of issue, then determine the labor is not - from 08.88 to 08.90, but with the code body problem - they are unknown to me. Well, okay. ;)
But information on the specifications I have a fairly complete. Here it is below. :)However, it also is not any exotic taxi with 3Y-P, by gas - what to do, someone who iseasy ... ;)

#X9#

In the 7th generation, beginning of production of which dates from October 1992, has remained "only three" - MarkII Hardtop, Chaser and Cresta. Machines have changed drastically, try on a "soap" toyotovsky design the first half of the '90s. Who else, but I can not say that he did not go to them. On the contrary, # X9 # MarkII, in my opinion - one of the most beautiful cars in the world. Not as lean, lightweight appearance as its predecessor (although the weight of the machine actually declined by an average of 100 kg), but the rapacity and aggression in him was more than enough. A monumental back of a thin line of light exactly at the height at which you want to ... I am delighted - toyotovskim car designers obviously failed. You can not say about Chaser - I did not leave the impression that he always dizaynirovalsya "on the leftover principle" - was taken as a basis for Mark, has been amended to make the car not very similar to the original, after which it was hung on the label, "Chaser". At this time they really got to make it different from Mark, but at what cost. Maybe someone he likes, but more ugly car I have not seen quite a while."Bowl" front and rear optics and grille, and bumpers, curving upward at the corners ... brrr ...

Cresta is not bad. Soft smooth contours give it a few heavy species, like Mark, but no one in her swiftness and aggressiveness. One word - a woman. ;)

On the technical side of things, then Toyota has pleased. The new front double wishbone suspension forged wishbone, new engines, a range of new versions appeared. The machine is "grown" in all senses, except weight, which, conversely, decreased by an average of 100 kg compared with the previous model. You look at this "exaggerated" the hippo and think - it really weighs less than its predecessor?"Unbelievable, but true." ;))) Rear suspension is time-tested, remained the same.

Significantly increased number of variants, there was a variant with four-wheel drive (2.5 Grande Four). However, some traditional names before and abbreviations have been replaced by new, more beneficial to the marketing plan. For example, instead of GT TwinTurbo was a series Tourer, which includes two options - the "extreme" Tourer V with 280 hp 1JZ-GTE under the hood (now a version with manual transmission) and more moderate Tourer S c usual 180-strong atmospheric 1JZ- GE. What is it different from the "family" 2.5 Grande, you ask? Topics and features - setting the appropriate chassis, there are ABS and TRC, wheels / tires on 16 ". In general, driver's car.;) Similar modifications Chaser'a and also called Cresta Tourer. Out of the 2-liter engines in the range there was only one - 1G-FE, but the old 3-liter 7M-GE replaced by a new 2JZ-GE, the same as in the Crown, Aristo and Soarer (the latter two are also known under the names Lexus GS300 and SC300).

Increasing the size of the body could not affect the inside - now it's normal enough spacious salon, which, incidentally, very cozy feel. The roof is no pressure on his head even to me, although my height 188 cm and in general all somehow become respectable - no feeling that this is a more modern machine. Ashtray's just small and hard to get it. ;) Rudder is also very pleasing - to the extent of thick, resilient, lyapota.A sloping hood to provide an overview of the Marche forward comparable to front-balalaika. ;)

But the trunk was slightly less - all the fault of the fuel tank, having moved out from under the boot floor behind the rear seat back.

Facelifting

And then without it, nothing happened. :) About the middle of '94 trio all got new"makeup". Especially strongly it is noticeable in the Marche - completely orange turn signals, a new front bumper with some form of ventilation holes, as well as new rear lights - a little taller and with a horizontal bar raised, dividing them into two. Perhapsthere were some other changes, but I do not know about them. ;) Page external differences here.

The list of modifications on the chassis number is shown in the table below.Information provided by Roman Mikheev (FidoNet 2:5090 / 18), for which he thanks a lot.

Note. The asterisk in the second column means a manual, no stars - the automatic.

Frame code MarkII Chaser Cresta
JZX91-ATMZF 3.0 Grande G 3.0 Avante G 3.0 Super Lucent G
JZX90-ATPVZ 2.5 Tourer V 2.5 Tourer V 2.5 Tourer V
JZX90-ATMVZ * 2.5 Tourer V 2.5 Tourer V 2.5 Tourer V
JZX90-ATPVF 2.5 Tourer S 2.5 Tourer S 2.5 Tourer S
JZX90-ATPZF 2.5 Grande G 2.5 Avante G 2.5 Super Lucent G
JZX90-ATPQF 2.5 Grande 2.5 Avante 2.5 Super Lucent
JZX93-ATPZF 2.5 Grande G Four 2.5 Avante G Four 2.5 Super Lucent G Four
JZX93-ATPQF 2.5 Grande Four 2.5 Avante G Four 2.5 Super Lucent G Four
GX90-ATPQK 2.0 Grande 2.0 Avante 2.0 Super Lucent
GX90-ATMQK * 2.0 Grande 2.0 Avante 2.0 Super Lucent
SX90-ATPEK 1.8 Groire 1.8 Raffine 1.8 Suffire
SX90-ATMEK * 1.8 Groire 1.8 Raffine 1.8 Suffire
SX90-ATPNK 1.8 GL 1.8 GL 1.8 GL
LX90-ATPET 2.4 Groire Diesel Turbo 2.4 Raffine Diesel Turbo 2.4 Suffire Diesel Turbo
LX90-ATMET * 2.4 Groire Diesel Turbo 2.4 Raffine Diesel Turbo 2.4 Suffire Diesel Turbo
LX90-ATPNT 2.4 GL Diesel Turbo 2.4 GL Diesel Turbo 2.4 GL Diesel Turbo
LX90-ATMNT * 2.4 GL Diesel Turbo 2.4 GL Diesel Turbo 2.4 GL Diesel Turbo

#X10#

Well, we got to the last generation, issued up to very recently. It appeared in September 1996

We can say that the 8th generation was in a sense, the offender traditions. First, all three vehicles clearly positioned in the market - the former identity of modifications has sunk into oblivion and is now a different number for each model. Secondly, minor stylistic features characteristic of each model and can be traced from generation to generation, too, ceased to exist. For example, starting with # X7 #, MarkII always had a vertical separation of the rear lights on the section and the Chaser and Cresta - horizontal. Cresta was always chetyrehfarnoy, and two of her brother - dvuhfarnye. Now it is not.

If we talk about design in general, there is a change and, in my view, positive. The general proportions and silhouettes were generally the same, but there were faces, corners, nearly flat body panels. And if MarkII these changes were only quantitative, and a cursory look at the side or front of it still can be confused with # X9 # MarkII, Chaser and Cresta you were totally different.

If you look at the photo Chaser'a, you'll notice the explicit similarities with BMW. On the one hand, this fact is worthy of reproach to the stylists Toyota, but on the other hand - how wonderful Well get the car! But Cresta casts gloom his drooping trunk, completely fresh and bezhitrostnym tailgate and a surly face with a massive front grille. Eeriness. Immediately reminded of "crocodiles" # X6 # - is the new Cresta some resemblance to them ...

In technical terms, fundamental changes have occurred, although, of course, been made quite a number of improvements. In particular, the significantly increased body rigidity, suspension and revised features completely revised calibration buffers. Adjustable suspension TEMS, mounted on the part of the modifications, provides 9 levels of performance shock absorbers and constantly changes them in accordance with current traffic conditions and road surface quality.

Three of the five used in gasoline engines have variable valve timing system, known as VVT-i. Toyota calls this series of engines BEAMS (Breakthrough Engine with Advanced Mechanism System). The performance of engines were naturally improved. The use of VVT-i, as well as tuned exhaust manifolds with stainless steel and modified intake manifolds allowed to increase the amount of torque 3-liter 2JZ-GE and the 2.5-liter 1JZ-GE by 10% in the range of small and medium speeds.Power 1JZ-GE increased from 180ls to 200ls. More significant results were achieved in upgrading the 2.5-liter turbo 1JZ-GTE - torque in the area of small and medium-speed increased by approximately 50% and the peak is shifted down and the moment of 385Nm @ 2400rpm 370Nm @ instead of 4800. This engine also used a system ETCS - a computer-controlled throttle actuator. Traditional rope was fired without severance pay ... 2-liter 1G-FE also has a bit more powerful and slightly more high-torque - 185Nm 140ls and instead of 135ls and 180Nm.

Not remain unchanged and automatic transmissions. Boxes of ECT-E are able to control the engine torque during switching, thus achieving a smooth and unobtrusive most transmissions. The range of Lock up torque converter also expanded. On top versions used more "intelligent" machines ECT-iE, tracking not only the speed of the car, the degree of pressing on the gas and the current values of acceleration, but also the value of the slope of the road. So, if before the regular gun while driving on the rise often "rushed" between 3rd and 4th gears, depending on the gas pedal, then a box of ECT-iE discharge gas is not fooled and will not force include overdrive. And when driving downhill with enabled overdrive it yourself "tuck" third gear. In addition, the modification of 3.0 Grande G is used for adapting the manner of driving the driver's system AI SHIFT.

Increased use of electronic systems, one way or another affect the passive safety.ABS is standard for all models. TRC is used as a standard part of the modifications, and on 3.0 Grande G as the standard applied - a complex system of VSC (Vehicle Stability Control), a tracking system for tire pressure and such a nice change, as heated exterior mirrors. Generally, passive safety given serious consideration. Airbags for driver and front passenger - the standard for all models, as well as belt tensioners, and for all five seats. A front seat belts have (for the first time in Japan) device to weaken the belt tension when the load on it exceeds a certain limit. If you think that this is necessary in order to reduce the pressure on his chest man in a collision, then do you think is correct. ;)

I want to say a few words about the interior. Looking at the photos, you can easily see that fundamental changes have taken place here, and I am personally pleased with this fact - let well enough alone. But there are some improvements - for example, to get an ashtray easier, and the audio system is now in line with modern trends, is located above the climate control unit and control it so it is even easier (when I remember where I was tucked into a tape recorder # X7 # Mark ...).

I mentioned at the beginning of that positioning MarkII, Chaser and Cresta in the market caused the difference in the number of modifications for each model. For example, a 1.8-liter engine is now installed on only one model - Chaser 1.8 XL "Raffine Package". In this Chaser is only 5 variants, the four remaining - is: 2.5 Tourer V, 2.5 Tourer S, 2.5 Avante G, 2.0 Avante Four. Cresta, by contrast, is the richest in the various options and MarkII is located between them. In addition, the most charged and Tourer V Cresta Tourer S in now called, respectively, Roulant G and Roulant S.

Since the specifications of cars have not changed much, except for the engine, then I will not give here the traditional plate - not much point in it.

It should be mentioned, incidentally, restyled MarkII, held in 1998 on the occasion of the 30th anniversary model. The car received a new front bumper, rear optics changed shape, and differences in the mechanics were to upgrade the engine 1G-FE - now he too is one of the engines under the name BEAMS and equipped with VVT-i. Power increased to 160ls @ 6200rpm, and time - up to 204Nm @ 4400rpm.The differences in the appearance of the machine is well visible in the photographs presented below.

#X11#

Expectations were met - the next generation MarkII was announced October 24, 2000 For the first time in 20 years Toyota has moved away from practice, when all three models of the family (MarkII / Chaser / Cresta) updated simultaneously. And even more - it seems that the family as such no longer exists. At least, it is rumored that Cresta soon disappear from the production program. Well, the new Chaser is expected in spring 2001

So, the new MarkII.

I must say that looking at the creations of designers of Toyota who came out of their hands in the last year or two, I was afraid that the new Mark will be something poppy and rollicking - so even if the Lexus LS430 aka Toyota Celsior did not escape fate And this, what to expect from a less expensive and a solid machine, also manufactured in enormous editions? But no, judging by the pictures given, everything is very, very well. Although it is not old Mark - squat, rapid and aggressive. He obviously was slightly higher and "stout." Of course, these pictures do not give a comprehensive picture of the car. But the general style, elegant, rather straightforward and does not suffer as roundness, and too sharp edges, I'm very cute. A worthy successor turned out. Although the triangular rear lights did not shine with originality, and I've heard reviews of "phi, a la Mercedes," I can only recall that the first half of the 90 almost all Japanese (and not just Japanese) firms "lit up" in such a similarity. So what? Fashion today is a. It is easier to list those who do not have the triangular light than those who have them. The main thing that turned out beautifully. In the case of a name that is really beautiful. :) And please note - it is MarkII sedan, hardtop and no!

But the Chaser ... pop ... (It may be said to continue the tradition of "rotation" - # X8 # was good, # X9 # was awful, # X10 # was again good, and # X11 # again terrible. Or is it? God knows - the angle is not too successful .

Technically, the car has changed substantially. First, there are no modifications to the diesel engine (it seems the rumors about the refusal of the Japanese manufacturers of diesel cars quietly confirmed) and 3-liter 2JZ-GE. But there was a modification engine 1JZ-GE, equipped with direct injection of D-4 - it's called 1JZ-FSE.

Changed the principle of naming versions - all versions MarkII now called "Grande".Former Tourer V and Tourer S henceforth bear the names of Grande iR-V and Grande iR-S. And there is another turbo option - Grande G-tb, equipped with the same 280-horsepower engine as the iR-V. I wonder what the difference between them?

09/12/2000 Tokyo century classic sedans is not over yet ...

Toyota's managers are in a slight shock after the start of sales of the new model Mark II. In recent years have become accustomed to the boom is accompanied by onlyselling the new models of SUVs, but this fall there were two interesting cases. On the first we have already mentioned, when sales of the new model Celsior (in our Lexus LS430) was greater than anticipated a few times. And now there is a similar case,only the culprit was the company's new sedan - Mark II. This model of business-class products for the local market and quite popular in Japan. So, marketers have plannedmonthly sales in 6000 cars, and he jumped up to 22 000, which is comparable to the level of sales of such popular models as the Toyota Corolla.

Toyota Chaser

Toyota

Chaser (on Russian it is possible to translate the model name as "persecutor") —four-door hardtop mid-size, produced by Toyota in 1977-2001, respectively. The model is designed on the basis of Toyota Mark II. In a modeling number of Toyota takes an intermediate place between Toyota Corona and Toyota Crown. Though officially given model was on sale only in Japan, it is widely presented in the markets б.у. Cars in Russia and southeast Asia. Concerns one class together with Toyota Mark II and Toyota Cresta, it is completely unified with them on the chassis and salon. In total was issued six generations of this model.

The first generation

The beginning of manufacture of the first generation of model is necessary for July, 1977. This model was issued with 1977 on 1980. In the given generation bodies of series X30, X31, X40 and X41 were used. The ruler of engines included 4 cylinder 3T-U in volume 1,8 liters, 4 cylinder 21R-U, 18R-U and 6 cylinder M-U/M-EU — both volume 2 liters.

The second generation

The second generation of model was issued with 1980 on 1984 in bodies X51 and X61 series. The scale of engines has been expanded at the expense of cylinder 1G-EU (single cam), 1G-GE (twincam) by working volume 2 liters.

The third generation

The third generation of model in body X70 has been started in 1984, and was issued to 1988. In comparison with the previous generation the given body differed more roundish form.

The fourth generation

In 1989, release of fourth generation Chaser in bodies Х80 of a series has begun. This series was issued for 92 year. Following updatings were offered: XL, XG, Raffine, SXL, Avante, Avante Twin Cam 24, GT Twin Turbo and Avante G, updating GT Twin Turbo was positioned as the most powerful, on it the engine 1G-GTE, by capacity of 210 h.p. (207 hp/154 kw) was established at 6200 turns in a minute. Avante G was model with the maximum complete set of this series from the point of view of the equipment. In August 1989, 2 more models have been added to complete set Avante: Avante G-L, even more magnificent model than Avante G, and new Avante G, with 3.0 liter engine 7M-GE replaced 2.0 liter 1G-GZE from the previous model.
In August 1990, all series Chaser has been cardinally reconsidered, and some of models have received completely new engines. Models of the main range, Avante G and GT Twin Turbo, have received the new engine 1JZ, the same which was established on JZA70 Supra though release 3.0 liter Avante G has partially proceeded. Avante G 2.5 has received 1JZ-GE capacity of 180 h.p. (178 hp/132 kw) at 6000 turns in a minute while GT Twin Turbo has received powerful 1JZ-GTE twin turbo the engine, capable to develop 280 h.p. (276 hp/206 kw) at 6200 turns in a minute, it was the maximum capacityin horsepower , allowed on Japanese to laws. These two models were accessible only with four step automatic box and a mechanical five step transmission.

The fifth generation

In October 1992, Chaser X90 replaces the previous Chaser X81. The fifth generation were produced from 1992 to 1996 in bodies GX90, JZX90 and SX90 series. The body is more rounded and the car became much longer. Modifications have been significantly changed relative to X81 Chaser. GT Twin Turbo was replaced by the new Tourer V. The top model Avante G was 2JZ-GE engine 220hp(217 hp/162 kW), it was the next-generation line of engines JZ (the most powerful engine 2JZ-GTE twin turbo, which was mounted on the flagship JZA80 Supra, released in the same year. Tourer V was still powered by the engine 1JZ-GTE , migrated from the GT Twin Turbo. Also trim Tourer V and Tourer S was present version with 5-speed manual transmission, suitable for a sports car designed. The main difference from Tourer S Tourer V was the lack of a turbocharger. In September 1992, the Tourer models received modernization of equipment, but still lagging behind the Avante G. This modification of the car was not widely used in professional motorsports, but has earned great respect among the racers, fans. With the abolition of the production model Cressida after generation only X81 Mark II, Chaser, Cresta and sold on Japanese car market. Each member of the family Cressida had different characteristics: Chaser has been adapted to the sporty driving, Cresta to luxury, and Mark II was the main model number, although cars mostly differed in front and back pieces (plus doors to Cresta) made both rear-wheel drive and four-wheel drive version of the sedan. The line of engines fitted to this car, ranged from modest 4S-FE (1.8 liter, 125 hp) to 1JZ-GTE (2.5 tvinturbo, 280 hp)
List of used engines:
2L-TE - 2.4 liters. diesel, 4 cylinder, turbocharged, 97 hp
4S-FE - 1.8 liters. 4 cylinder, 125 hp
1G-FE - 2.0 liters. 6 cylinder, 135 hp
1JZ-GE - 2.5 liters. 6 cylinder, 180 hp
2JZ-GE - 3.0 liters. 6 cylinder, 220 hp
1JZ-GTE - 2.5 liters. 6 cylinder, tvinturbo, 280 hp

The sixth generation

At the end of 1996 the market was released last generation of cars under the brand name in the body Chaser X100. The engine range has not undergone major changes, but all engines are modified JZ got variable valve timing system VVT-i and ETCS. Some time later, the replacement of 1G-FE with 140 hp came 1G-FE BEAMS c 160 hp In 1998, the model has been restyled and changes undergone fog lights, grille, rear brake lights, turn signals, instrument panel and some elements of the cabin. Versions with atmospheric engines in 2.5 and 3 liters offered only to customers with an automatic transmission.
List of used engines:
2L-TE - 2.4 liters. diesel, 4 cylinder, turbocharged, 97 hp
4S-FE - 1.8 liters. 4 cylinder, 125 hp
1G-FE - 2.0 liters. 6 Cylinder, 140/160 (BEAMS VVT-i) HP
1JZ-GE (VVT-i) - 2.5 liters. 6 cylinder, 200 hp
2JZ-GE (VVT-i) - 3.0 liters. 6 cylinder, 230 hp
1JZ-GTE (VVT-i) - 2.5 liters. 6 cylinder, turbo, 280 hp
As in the previous generation, preserved modification Tourer V, sport suspension, floating silent blocks upper arm, lower strut stiffness, larger brake calipers, and a screen that protects the rotor. Thorsen (Worm blocking the satellites) is an option for cars with automatic transmission and the base versions with manual transmission. In contrast, a similar model in the back of X90, X100 came with a 1JZ-GTE engine with a ceramic turbine larger (CT15) and variable valve timing system (VVT-i). All machines in the configuration Tourer V offered to consumers with xenon on dipped beam and 16-inch alloy wheels. Also included as standard traction control and TRC VSC.

Sport

The world changed Tourer V (X90 and X100) has become very popular among people involved in improving the car (tuning) due to the huge potential, hidden in the engine 1JZ-GTE. Develop improved versions of the official is engaged as a division of Toyota - the company TRD (Toyota Racing Development), and a set of independent private studio. Improved components produce a well-known companies such as TRD, HKS, Blitz, Apex `i, Tein, etc. In Russia, the model is most popular in the two types of motor sports races at 402 meters (drag Racing) and high-speed cornering in the drift (drifting). In the first case the machine is optimized thanks to a very large capacity engine (up to 500 hp on the standard piston). In the second, the presence of rear-wheel drive with locking (Torsen); for professional car designers modification pose the most severe types of locks 1.5-2 way. Also produced a modification Tourer S (X90 and X100), in which the present suspension of the Tourer V, with the engine 1JZ-GE 2.5-liter and with a modified fuel injection. Complete Tourer S was in the back of the X100 to the restyling automatic transmission with 4 steps, after the restyling was upgraded automatic transmission with five steps. In addition to the suspension, the entire suspension, transmission part (except engine) and interior were placed on the modification Tourer V. In Russia, the modification is most popular, as was sporting habits at atmospheric engine. It was also decided to put on these machines instead of the mechanical automatic transmissions, which allows better dynamics.

TOYOTA CAMRY

Toyota Camry next generation will change your idea of what should be a modernbusiness-class sedan. An uncompromising commitment to quality and strict adherence to international standards allows the Toyota Production System Toyota Camry to be a benchmark of reliable, safe and comfortable car. Strong lines andperfect proportions body reflect the power and elegance of a new car. The refinedand spacious cabin uses high quality materials that give the interior a specialcomfort. Modern technology includes features such as rear-view camera with a dynamic markings, voice control and a new sound system JBL 10-speaker. The new 6-speed automatic transmission and petrol engine capacity of 2.5 liters, as well as an advanced 3.5-liter gasoline engine - a guarantee excellent dynamic characteristics of the Toyota Camry.

TOYOTA COROLLA

Toyota Corolla - a car of class C, manufactured by Toyota. Listed in the Guinness Book of Records as the best-selling model in the world

Generations of Toyota Corolla
First Generation - Series E10 - October 1966
The second generation - Series E20 - 1970
Third Generation - Series E30, E40, E50 - April 1974
The fourth generation - Series E70 - 1979
Fifth Generation - Series E80 - 1983
The sixth generation Series - E90 - May 1987
Seventh Generation - Series E100 - June 1991
Eighth Generation - Series E110 - May 1995
Ninth Generation - Series E120 - August 2000
Tenth generation - series E130 - December 2006
The first car Toyota Corolla was released in 1966. It had a rear wheel drive and a longitudinal engine layout. This arrangement continued until 1984, when it was released the first front-drive Corolla. From 1966 to 1997. Corolla is available in five body-solutions - a sedan, three-door hatchback, five-door hatchback, wagon and liftbek. Released in 1984, the fifth generation Corolla retained rear-wheel drive for the three-door hatchback "coupe GT» and for touring, with other modifications found the front drive wheels. In 1987 he was presented the sixth generation of Toyota Corolla with body E90. Despite the outdated design, build quality, good corrosion-resistant coating made it quite popular generation Corolla. The eighth generation Toyota Corolla was presented in 1997. The car had an interesting distinguishing characteristic - round headlights. EE110 body had options: sedan, hatchback (three-and five-door), generalists.

Vehicles on Coroll-s and Sprinter-and
five-door hatchback, which has a relatively high load capacity, are often suppliedengines 5A-FE, 5E-FE 1.5-liter, both transverse 4-cylinder. In the middle of1997goda 5E-FE engine was completely electronic, which is why the engine is operated in 2-pin spark plugs, the party released data from the Corolla 5A-FE engineequipped with L-Touring, also produced a car with a body Toyota Corolla CE marking engines equipped with 2C respectively (2l-Diesel). Cars are available withautomatic and manual transmission, as in the front and on the full drive, respectively(mainly diesel version).
The maximum of the model included in unit - BZ-touring. At this assembly installed a 165-horsepower engine 4A-GE black top with a multi-link rear suspension and disc brakes front and rear wheels. As automatic transmission with two modes of MANUand PWR, and mechanical with 5 or 6-speed manual transmission.

Toyota Corolla Fielder
Toyota Corolla Fielder - five-door wagon. Complete with petrol engines in 1.3 (2NZ-FE), 1.5 (1NZ-FE) and 1.8 (1ZZ-FE 132l.s and 2ZZ-GE 190l.s) liter diesel or 2.2 (3C-TE) Toyota ZZ (en). In Russia officially Corolla Fielder delivered under the nameCorolla station wagon, the car was available in only one configuration (Terra) with the engine 3ZZ-FE 1.6 liter. External contrast the Russian model of the Japanese lay infront of the optics similar Corolla sedan, the rear optics European-styled Corollasedan optics and hatchback, the presence of roof rails as standard.

Toyota Sprinter Carib
The first generation (based on the Tercel - AL25)
The answer to the Toyota four-wheel drive Subaru expansion in the class of inexpensive mass car was started in 1982 edition Sprinter Carib. The car was a concept and a slightly modified exterior Tercel 4WD. Buyers offered just onepolutoralitrovy longitudinally mounted engine 3A-SU 83 l capacity. with. borrowed from Corolla. 1984 - the time of appearance of the idea of SUV (sport utility vehicle -a utilitarian sports car). The compact wagon with switchable all-wheel drive was a great success in the market. And its unique design of the rear end has influencedmany future models of station wagons and minivans.


The second generation (based on the Corolla - AE95)
Next generation of Carib, which appeared in 1987, based on units are not "chips" Tercel, and directly Sprinter. The result is that the car grew in size and appearance began to resemble a grandparent. The engine also had only one - a transverse 16-valve 1.6-liter engine 4A-FHE with fuel injection. Plug-and rear axle "razdatka" sank into oblivion. In their place came a permanent four-wheel drive with electronic locking center differential. Both axes were driven by a 5-speed manual or 4-band "machine."Front suspension - traditional rack McPherson - quite reliable and easy to maintain.The rear solid beam was suspended for five bars and two shock absorbers and looked like a similar "Lada." From the previous model Carib second generation inherited the modification with adjustable damping. It also has adjustable ride height system. It was called the Height control (it have reported the corresponding label on the rear tailgate) and was designed to maintain a constant amount of clearance for transport in the trunk of luggage. Whatever the level of equipment, which are four (AV I, AV II, RV special, Touring special), all cars were equipped with air conditioning, power steering and a catalyst.
Opportunity transmission Sprinter Carib will not give such jeeps, as the Toyota RAV4, Suzuki Vitara, our "Cornfield." But the geometric parameters of cross-country on virtually a passenger car, of course, far from ideal. In terms of volume of demand and supply of second generation Carib significantly ahead of its rivals: Mitsubishi Libero, Honda Civic Aerodeck, Nissan AD

The third generation (based on the Corolla - AE111/114/115)
In 1995, Toyota introduced the new, third generation Sprinter Carib. The car was veryoriginal car, and who was later borrowed for the European version of the WagonCorolla (Sprinter Carib ROSSO). Transmission unchanged migrated to the newCarib with its predecessor: the same "mechanics" and "automatic" and the samepermanent four-wheel drive with center differential with multi-plate clutch equipped with a push lock. With regard to engine situation is somewhat different. Horsepower4A-FE, apparently was not enough to turn the 4WD on a par with its competitors.Therefore, the 1.6-liter engine added a 16-valve engine 7A-FE in 1800 "cubes", which develops 120 hp. with.
Unlike the second generation of Carib with its four levels of equipping a new car1995 model year as standard equipment includes electric windows and mirrors, central locking and upholstered seats. The next level of equipment has a Z-Touringclimate control, six speakers, CD-changer, Velour interior, and more.