<h1>Toyota Chaser</h1>

Toyota

Chaser (on Russian it is possible to translate the model name as "persecutor") —four-door hardtop mid-size, produced by Toyota in 1977-2001, respectively. The model is designed on the basis of Toyota Mark II. In a modeling number of Toyota takes an intermediate place between Toyota Corona and Toyota Crown. Though officially given model was on sale only in Japan, it is widely presented in the markets б.у. Cars in Russia and southeast Asia. Concerns one class together with Toyota Mark II and Toyota Cresta, it is completely unified with them on the chassis and salon. In total was issued six generations of this model.

The first generation

The beginning of manufacture of the first generation of model is necessary for July, 1977. This model was issued with 1977 on 1980. In the given generation bodies of series X30, X31, X40 and X41 were used. The ruler of engines included 4 cylinder 3T-U in volume 1,8 liters, 4 cylinder 21R-U, 18R-U and 6 cylinder M-U/M-EU — both volume 2 liters.

The second generation

The second generation of model was issued with 1980 on 1984 in bodies X51 and X61 series. The scale of engines has been expanded at the expense of cylinder 1G-EU (single cam), 1G-GE (twincam) by working volume 2 liters.

The third generation

The third generation of model in body X70 has been started in 1984, and was issued to 1988. In comparison with the previous generation the given body differed more roundish form.

The fourth generation

In 1989, release of fourth generation Chaser in bodies Х80 of a series has begun. This series was issued for 92 year. Following updatings were offered: XL, XG, Raffine, SXL, Avante, Avante Twin Cam 24, GT Twin Turbo and Avante G, updating GT Twin Turbo was positioned as the most powerful, on it the engine 1G-GTE, by capacity of 210 h.p. (207 hp/154 kw) was established at 6200 turns in a minute. Avante G was model with the maximum complete set of this series from the point of view of the equipment. In August 1989, 2 more models have been added to complete set Avante: Avante G-L, even more magnificent model than Avante G, and new Avante G, with 3.0 liter engine 7M-GE replaced 2.0 liter 1G-GZE from the previous model.
In August 1990, all series Chaser has been cardinally reconsidered, and some of models have received completely new engines. Models of the main range, Avante G and GT Twin Turbo, have received the new engine 1JZ, the same which was established on JZA70 Supra though release 3.0 liter Avante G has partially proceeded. Avante G 2.5 has received 1JZ-GE capacity of 180 h.p. (178 hp/132 kw) at 6000 turns in a minute while GT Twin Turbo has received powerful 1JZ-GTE twin turbo the engine, capable to develop 280 h.p. (276 hp/206 kw) at 6200 turns in a minute, it was the maximum capacityin horsepower , allowed on Japanese to laws. These two models were accessible only with four step automatic box and a mechanical five step transmission.

The fifth generation

In October 1992, Chaser X90 replaces the previous Chaser X81. The fifth generation were produced from 1992 to 1996 in bodies GX90, JZX90 and SX90 series. The body is more rounded and the car became much longer. Modifications have been significantly changed relative to X81 Chaser. GT Twin Turbo was replaced by the new Tourer V. The top model Avante G was 2JZ-GE engine 220hp(217 hp/162 kW), it was the next-generation line of engines JZ (the most powerful engine 2JZ-GTE twin turbo, which was mounted on the flagship JZA80 Supra, released in the same year. Tourer V was still powered by the engine 1JZ-GTE , migrated from the GT Twin Turbo. Also trim Tourer V and Tourer S was present version with 5-speed manual transmission, suitable for a sports car designed. The main difference from Tourer S Tourer V was the lack of a turbocharger. In September 1992, the Tourer models received modernization of equipment, but still lagging behind the Avante G. This modification of the car was not widely used in professional motorsports, but has earned great respect among the racers, fans. With the abolition of the production model Cressida after generation only X81 Mark II, Chaser, Cresta and sold on Japanese car market. Each member of the family Cressida had different characteristics: Chaser has been adapted to the sporty driving, Cresta to luxury, and Mark II was the main model number, although cars mostly differed in front and back pieces (plus doors to Cresta) made both rear-wheel drive and four-wheel drive version of the sedan. The line of engines fitted to this car, ranged from modest 4S-FE (1.8 liter, 125 hp) to 1JZ-GTE (2.5 tvinturbo, 280 hp)
List of used engines:
2L-TE - 2.4 liters. diesel, 4 cylinder, turbocharged, 97 hp
4S-FE - 1.8 liters. 4 cylinder, 125 hp
1G-FE - 2.0 liters. 6 cylinder, 135 hp
1JZ-GE - 2.5 liters. 6 cylinder, 180 hp
2JZ-GE - 3.0 liters. 6 cylinder, 220 hp
1JZ-GTE - 2.5 liters. 6 cylinder, tvinturbo, 280 hp

The sixth generation

At the end of 1996 the market was released last generation of cars under the brand name in the body Chaser X100. The engine range has not undergone major changes, but all engines are modified JZ got variable valve timing system VVT-i and ETCS. Some time later, the replacement of 1G-FE with 140 hp came 1G-FE BEAMS c 160 hp In 1998, the model has been restyled and changes undergone fog lights, grille, rear brake lights, turn signals, instrument panel and some elements of the cabin. Versions with atmospheric engines in 2.5 and 3 liters offered only to customers with an automatic transmission.
List of used engines:
2L-TE - 2.4 liters. diesel, 4 cylinder, turbocharged, 97 hp
4S-FE - 1.8 liters. 4 cylinder, 125 hp
1G-FE - 2.0 liters. 6 Cylinder, 140/160 (BEAMS VVT-i) HP
1JZ-GE (VVT-i) - 2.5 liters. 6 cylinder, 200 hp
2JZ-GE (VVT-i) - 3.0 liters. 6 cylinder, 230 hp
1JZ-GTE (VVT-i) - 2.5 liters. 6 cylinder, turbo, 280 hp
As in the previous generation, preserved modification Tourer V, sport suspension, floating silent blocks upper arm, lower strut stiffness, larger brake calipers, and a screen that protects the rotor. Thorsen (Worm blocking the satellites) is an option for cars with automatic transmission and the base versions with manual transmission. In contrast, a similar model in the back of X90, X100 came with a 1JZ-GTE engine with a ceramic turbine larger (CT15) and variable valve timing system (VVT-i). All machines in the configuration Tourer V offered to consumers with xenon on dipped beam and 16-inch alloy wheels. Also included as standard traction control and TRC VSC.

Sport

The world changed Tourer V (X90 and X100) has become very popular among people involved in improving the car (tuning) due to the huge potential, hidden in the engine 1JZ-GTE. Develop improved versions of the official is engaged as a division of Toyota - the company TRD (Toyota Racing Development), and a set of independent private studio. Improved components produce a well-known companies such as TRD, HKS, Blitz, Apex `i, Tein, etc. In Russia, the model is most popular in the two types of motor sports races at 402 meters (drag Racing) and high-speed cornering in the drift (drifting). In the first case the machine is optimized thanks to a very large capacity engine (up to 500 hp on the standard piston). In the second, the presence of rear-wheel drive with locking (Torsen); for professional car designers modification pose the most severe types of locks 1.5-2 way. Also produced a modification Tourer S (X90 and X100), in which the present suspension of the Tourer V, with the engine 1JZ-GE 2.5-liter and with a modified fuel injection. Complete Tourer S was in the back of the X100 to the restyling automatic transmission with 4 steps, after the restyling was upgraded automatic transmission with five steps. In addition to the suspension, the entire suspension, transmission part (except engine) and interior were placed on the modification Tourer V. In Russia, the modification is most popular, as was sporting habits at atmospheric engine. It was also decided to put on these machines instead of the mechanical automatic transmissions, which allows better dynamics.